Cataracts are one of the most common causes of vision impairment, especially among older adults. They occur when the normally clear lens of your eye becomes clouded, causing blurry or dim vision that can make daily tasks difficult. Understanding the types and stages of cataracts can help protect your long-term vision.

Nuclear Sclerotic Cataracts

This is the most common type of age-related cataract. It forms in the center (nucleus) of the lens and causes gradual hardening and yellowing. Over time, it can make your vision appear blurred or dim and can also lead to difficulty seeing at night.

Cortical Cataracts

Cortical cataracts begin as white, wedge-like streaks that start on the outer edge of the lens and move inward. These can cause glare or difficulty judging contrast, especially when driving at night.

Posterior Subcapsular Cataracts

These develop at the back of the lens and tend to progress faster than other types. They often cause glare and light sensitivity, making it difficult to read or see in bright light.

Congenital Cataracts

Some babies are born with cataracts due to genetic factors, infections, or developmental issues. Early detection and treatment are crucial to prevent long-term vision problems.

Secondary and Traumatic Cataracts

Cataracts can also develop after eye injuries, certain surgeries, or as a result of medical conditions such as diabetes. Prolonged use of steroid medications can also increase the risk.

Stages of Cataract Development

Cataracts typically progress slowly over time. Recognizing the stages can help determine when treatment or surgery may be needed.
 

• Early Stage: During this stage, the lens begins to cloud slightly, causing minor vision changes. Many people may not notice any symptoms or may only need an updated eyeglass prescription.
   

• Developing Stage: As the cataract grows, symptoms such as glare, halos around lights, and difficulty with contrast become more noticeable. Reading and night driving may become challenging.
   

• Mature Stage: At this stage, the lens becomes significantly clouded, and vision appears blurred or foggy. Everyday tasks become more difficult, and surgery is often recommended to restore clear vision.
   

• Hyper-Mature Stage: If left untreated, the cataract can harden and cause inflammation or pressure buildup inside the eye. This can increase the risk of complications and permanent vision loss.

Importance of Early Intervention

While cataracts are a natural part of aging for many people, early detection through regular eye exams is essential. Early intervention allows your optometrist to monitor changes and recommend treatments to slow progression. When cataracts begin to interfere with your daily life, cataract surgery can safely and effectively restore vision.

Expert Cataract Care in Apex, NC

Our optometrists provide comprehensive eye exams to detect cataracts and other age-related vision conditions early. We use advanced diagnostic technology to assess the type and stage of cataract and guide you through treatment options tailored to your needs.

If you’ve noticed signs of cataracts, schedule an eye exam with Clarity Vision to learn more about treatment options. Visit our office in Apex, North Carolina, or call (919) 367-2832 to book an appointment today.